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Similar to tree rings, long-lived corals hold climate records going back hundreds or thousands of years. In diving expeditions to several Pacific Ocean islands, Lamont-Doherty scientist Brad Linsley has collected cores that hold up to 500 years’ worth of climate information. Above, two colleagues from Stanford University. http://blogs.ei.columbia.edu/2012/07/09/investigating-the-world%E2%80%99s-oceans-pole-to-pole-and-deep-below-the-bottom/